安装

一、安装JDK

二、安装Hadoop

1. 将Linux安装文件 hadoop-2.10.0.tar.gz上传至 /mnt/e/bigData/hadoop 目录

2. 将 hadoop-2.10.0.tar.gz 文件解压到 /usr/local 目录下

sudo tar -xzvf /mnt/e/bigData/hadoop/hadoop-2.10.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3. 修改环境变量

vim .bashrc
### HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.10.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

4. 使配置文件生效

source .bashrc

5. 验证

$ hadoop
Usage: hadoop [--config confdir] [COMMAND | CLASSNAME]
  CLASSNAME            run the class named CLASSNAME
 or
  where COMMAND is one of:
  fs                   run a generic filesystem user client
  version              print the version
  jar <jar>            run a jar file
                       note: please use "yarn jar" to launch
                             YARN applications, not this command.
  checknative [-a|-h]  check native hadoop and compression libraries availability
  distcp <srcurl> <desturl> copy file or directories recursively
  archive -archiveName NAME -p <parent path> <src>* <dest> create a hadoop archive
  classpath            prints the class path needed to get the
                       Hadoop jar and the required libraries
  credential           interact with credential providers
  daemonlog            get/set the log level for each daemon
  trace                view and modify Hadoop tracing settings

Most commands print help when invoked w/o parameters.

三、Hadoop目录结构

$ ll /usr/local/hadoop-2.10.0/
total 156
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root   root      512 Jul  1 21:52 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 leichu leichu 106210 Oct 23  2019 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 leichu leichu  15841 Oct 23  2019 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 leichu leichu   1366 Oct 23  2019 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 bin/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 etc/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 include/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 lib/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 libexec/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 sbin/
drwxr-xr-x 1 leichu leichu    512 Oct 23  2019 share/

1. bin目录： 存放对Hadoop相关服务（HDFS,YARN）进行操作的脚本
2. etc目录： Hadoop的配置文件目录，存放Hadoop的配置文件
3. lib目录： 存放Hadoop的本地库（对数据进行压缩解压缩功能）
4. sbin目录： 存放启动或停止Hadoop相关服务的脚本
5. share目录： 存放Hadoop的依赖jar包、文档、和官方案例